NSG 353 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Pericardial Effusion, Pleural Effusion, Synovial Joint
22 Sep 2016
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Water transports with aid from blood, excreted by skin/kidneys/lungs, Water protects, keeps us warm if blood volume isn"t maintained/fluid deficit = bp down, hr up (compensatory mechanism) 4lbs lost from dehydration = 2l , not serious but is impactful. First spacing= good second= edema, hypertension third= pleural effusion, pericardial effusion (less heart contractions)= cardiac tampenade, synovial sentesis, Osmolarity= liter of solution how to describe iv solutions. Osmolality= meaures weight of solvent: sodium multiplied by 2 = osmolality. Urine specific gravity 1. 005-1. 030: serum osmolality: 275-295 mosm/kg. 3% sodium chloride = pulls water into vascular space; with hypertension= put them into fluid volume overload. D5 ns= to maintain hydration= half iso half hyper= use this because our diets are high sodium. D5w= if needed for more than 24-48 hrs than patient is at risk for extra swelling of cells (concern brain), need to add sodium to solution. High bp= increase hydrostatic pressure (edema, swelling) Oncotic pressure= pressure draws fluid into capillaries.
