HRT 212 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Pinus Bungeana, Pinus Parviflora, Picea Abies
NARROW LEAVED EVERGREENS
Pinaceae
● Abies, cedrus, larix, picea, pinus, pseudolarix, pseudotsuga, Tsuga,
● Primarily evergreen
Picea-Spruce
● Tall, conical trees
● Scaly bark
● Single-needles-4 sided on most species
● Cylindrical cones
● Cool temperatures
● Well drained soils, some do well in clay, do not tolerate wet (saturated/collect
water and poorly drained) soils = can withstand anaerobic settings
● Poorly drained clay = hinders root development
● Full sun, thins out in shade
● Canker, needle casts, mites, aphids (spruce gall aphid), bagworms
Pests
-cytospora canker
-spruce gall aphid- lays eggs in the cavity, needles grow through the pine cone
-white pine weevil-shepherd’s crook, water and nutrients are cut off
1. Picea abies, Norway spruce
● Zone 3-7 extremely hardy (3 zones in MI 3,4,5)
● Height 40’-60’
● Orange stems
● Pyramidal with pendulous branchlets
● Medium to fast growth rate
● Bright green needles changing to lustrous dark green
● Pendulous cylindrical cones 4”-6”
● Soils: moist well drained soils, adapted to clay however does not do well in wet
soils
● Full sun; gets thin and sparse in shade
● Pests: white pine weevil
● Use: Large tree needs space; Screens; Backdrops, Solitary in large areas
○ Picea abies Pendula, weeping Norway Spruce
○ Picea abies Nidiformis, Bird’s Nest Spruce
2. Picea glauca, White Spruce
● Zone 2-6, MIchigan Native
● Height 40’
● Dense pyramidal when young, narrow with age, horizontal and/or ascending
branches
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● Medium growth rate (12”)
● Leaf color variable light green to blue-green
● Pendulous cylindrical cones 1.5”-2”
● Soils: moist soils, tolerates drought
● Full sun
● Pests: spider mites, extremely problems on dwarf alberta spruce
● Uses: not widely, screens, windbreaks
○ Picea glauca ‘conica’
○ Picea glauca var. Densata, Black Hills Spruce in South Dakota
-tan stems, dark green needles
-still keeps its conical shape as it grows older
3. Picea Omorika, Serbian Spruce
● very majestic
● Zone 4-7
● Height 40’
● Slender, narrowly
● Pyramidal arching branches
● Glossy dark green needles, white undersides
● 2” pendulous cones
● Soils: moist well drained soils; very adaptable
● Full sun
● Pests: noted susceptibility but not prevalent
● Uses: not widely used but highly sought after
○ Picea abies nidiformis, Bird’s nest spruce
4. Picea orientalis, Oriental spruce
● Zone 4-7
● Height 50’
● Dense compact pyramidal
● Horizontal branches
● Dark green needles, ½” tiny needles
● 2”-4” pendulous and slender cones
● Soils: dry gravelly soils, drains well, does not tolerate wet soils
● Full sun
● Pests: reported susceptible but not prevalent
● Yellowing-iron
5. Picea pungens, Colorado spruce
● Zone 307
● North American native
● Height 30’-50’
● Broadly pyramidal with stiff horizontal branches
● Slow to medium growth rate
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● Green needles on straight species, blue new growth on glauca and the
cultivars, blue spruce under stress loses its glaucus coloring, bluest of
blues=shiners
● 3”-5” cylindrical cones
● Soils: adaptable, dry to moist, not wet
● Pests: cytospora canker and spruce gall aphid
● Use: specimen
○ Koster & Hoopsii & Glauca Globosa
6. Pinus, Pine
● Tall, conical and shrubby trees
● Smooth and scaly bark
● Needles borne in bundles 2,3,5,
● Brad oval cones
● Cool temperatures
● Well drained soils, some do well in clay
● Full sun, thins out in shade
● Pests: pine sawfly, white pine weevil, pine webworm
7. Pinus aristata, Bristlecone pine
● Zone 4-7
● North american native (treeline in northern colorado)
● Height 10’ slow growing
● Irregular open habit
● Slow growth
● Dark-medium green needles, white resinous dots
● 5 needles per bundle
● Broad cones if present
● Soils: dry, rocky soils
● Full sun
● Pests: generally susceptible
● Use: specimen
9. Pinus bungeana, Lacebark Pine
● Zone 5-7
● Height 30’
● Rounded upright
● Very slow growth
● Lustrous to medium green needles
● Exfoliating bark in whitish, greenish, and brown patches
● 3 needles per bundle
● Soils: well drained soils
● Full sun
● Pests: generally susceptible but not prevalent
● use : specimen
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
Abies, cedrus, larix, picea, pinus, pseudolarix, pseudotsuga, tsuga, Well drained soils, some do well in clay, do not tolerate wet (saturated/collect water and poorly drained) soils = can withstand anaerobic settings. Poorly drained clay = hinders root development. Canker, needle casts, mites, aphids (spruce gall aphid), bagworms. Spruce gall aphid- lays eggs in the cavity, needles grow through the pine cone. White pine weevil-shepherd"s crook, water and nutrients are cut off: picea abies, norway spruce. Zone 3-7 extremely hardy (3 zones in mi 3,4,5) Bright green needles changing to lustrous dark green. Soils: moist well drained soils, adapted to clay however does not do well in wet soils. Full sun; gets thin and sparse in shade. Use: large tree needs space; screens; backdrops, solitary in large areas. Picea abies nidiformis, bird"s nest spruce: picea glauca, white spruce. Dense pyramidal when young, narrow with age, horizontal and/or ascending branches. Leaf color variable light green to blue-green.
