ISS 225 Lecture : V.pdf
26 Feb 2014
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Before the civil war, the us was primarily a rural agricultural nation, a society in which individual opportunities were great. In case of a failure, a farmer could always pack and go west. But in 1890, the us bureau of the census announced the closing of the frontier, this important safety valve opportunity was no longer available. Farmers who had failed to make an adequate living in rural america had little choice. He usually moved into the emerging city where the dream of alexander hamilton an urban, industrial powerful nation was becoming a reality. 1791 hamilton argued forcefully that manufacturing was vital to us security and prosperity. After the war of 1812, tj accepted the view that manufacturing growth and development were essential. The 10- minute bessemer process of making steel from pig iron was a signi cant technological development of the period. The discovery used air in place of charcoal as a fuel in the chilling of iron.
