BIO_SC 2200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 31: Dna Ligase, Ploidy, Transposase

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crimsonfox254

7 May 2016

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Nondisjunction in meiosis in a parent produces a gamete with no copies of a particular chromosome and one copy of all other chromosomes in the set ex. A single extra chromosome-the cell has three copies of a particular chromosome and two copies of the rest. Nondisjunction in meiosis in a parent produces a gamete with two copies of a particular chromosome and one copy of all other chromosomes in the set. Four copies of one particular chromosome and two copies of all other chromosomes. Nondisjunction occurring for the same chromosome in meiosis in both parents, producing gametes with two copies of that chromosome and one copy of all other chromosomes in the set. Activation of egg without a sperm leads to monoploid zygote. Failure of cytokinesis in meiosis i leads to diploid gamete and triploid zygote. Failure of cytokinesis in the first division in the zygote leads to tetraploid organism.

Related Questions

Nondisjuction is a cell division error in which either homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to separate and thus do not migrate to opposite poles. It is responsible for conditions such as monosomy (one member of a chromosome pair is missing) and trisomy (three copies of a chromosome is present rather than two).

Nondisjunction can occur during the first or second meiotic division.

Part A- Jill is heterozygous for gene A and is going to have a child with Jack, who is homozygous recessive for gene A.

Which of the following offspring genotypes could result from fertilization of a normal haploid sperm with an egg that had undergone nondisjunction in meiosis I?
Check all that apply.

1)AAa

2)Aaa

3)aaa

4)Aa

5)aa

6)a

I put AAa, Aaa, Aa, but it was not correct

Part B-

Which of the following offspring genotypes could result from fertilization of a normal haploid sperm with an oocyte that had undergone nondisjunction in meiosis II?

Check all that apply.

1)AAa

2)Aaa

3)aaa

4)Aa

5)aa

6)a

Part E-

If Jack and Jill have a child with an aaa genotype, during which meiotic division, and in which parent, could nondisjunction have occurred?

Check all that apply.

1) Meiosis I in the mother

2 Meiosis II in the mother

3) Meiosis I in the father

4) Meiosis II in the father

The answer is not Meisis I in the mother

Can you guys please fix this for me.

my project:

Monosomy is the absence of one chromosome from a paired chromosome. For example, Downâs syndrome which has more one chromosome at nubmer21. It makes 47 chromosomes totally. The trisomy reflects the presence of an extra chromosome to the cell. For example, in Turnerâs syndrome person has one less X chromosome.

Non-disjunction is failure of cell division when chromosomes separation was occurring. If any chromosome get remains during the separation; means it does not split in two chromatids, it develops into non-disjuction and then non functional or dead cells.

My teachers comments for my project:

Be sure to include all parts of the research assignment.

Compare nondisjunction in meiosis I and II.

Include a more detailed description of one of the listed syndromes.

-Complete the following sentences: metaphase of mitosis, prophase II of meiosis, crossing over, anaphase I of meiosis, variable, random fertilization, identical, random orientation, metaphase I of meiosis, prophase I of meiosis, metaphase II of meiosis, reduction division

Two processes that occur during meiosis produce genetically ____________ cells.

In a process called ____________ , paired homologous chromosomes align randomly at the cell equator. This occurs during this stage of cell division: ____________ .

In a process called ____________ , genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes. This occurs during this stage of cell division: ____________ .

-Complete the following paragraph to describe nondisjunction and the resulting effects on chromosome number.

words: euploidy, primary nondisjunction, nomal, nondisjunction, secondary nondisjunction, homologous chromosomes, abnormal, trisomy, monosomy, sister chromatids, aneuploid

1.During meiosis I, ____________ separate and move towards opposite ends of the poles.

2.During meiosis II, ____________ separate and move towards opposite ends of the poles.

3.During meiosis I, if both members of a homologous pair go into the same daughter cell, ____________ is said to occur and no normal gametes are produced.

4.During meiosis II, if the sister chromatids fail to separate and both daughter chromosomes go into the same gamete, ____________ is said to occur. Half the gametes are aneuploid while the other half are euploid.

5.If an egg that contains 24 chromosomes instead of 23 chromosomes is fertilized by a normal sperm, ____________ is said to have occurred.

6.If an egg that contains 22 chromosomes instead of 23 chromosomes is fertilized by a normal sperm, ____________ is said to have occurred.

BIO_SC 2200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 31: Dna Ligase, Ploidy, Transposase

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