CHEM 1100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Isobutane, Thermodynamics, Benzene
Document Summary
Pharmaceuticals: therapeutic substances that prevent, moderate, or cure an illness. Medicinal chemistry: discovery or design of new therapeutical chemicals and their development into useful medications. Hippocrates (460-370): tuberculosis was most deadly disease--discovered antibiotics can treat tb. Kinetics: how fast a rxn takes place. Energy barrier: molecules must collide w enough force to get rxn to happen. Activation energy: a high energy energy barrier means a slower rxn (kinetics), even if overall energy change for rxn is the same (thermodynamics) ***carbon has the remarkable ability to bond in multiple ways (single, double, and even triple bonds), also with multiple elements. Isomers: same chem formula, but diff structure and properties. Ex: n-butane (not branches) vs iso-butane (branching) 2 resonance forms--actual structure is hybrid of both structures. Presence is responsible for actions of all drugs. Chiral molecules have 4 diff groups attached to a central atom. A chiral molecule and it"s non-superimposable mirror image are a special kind of isomer called enantiomers.
