CHEM 1320 Lecture Notes - Lecture 27: Covalent Radius, Samsung Galaxy S Iii, Atomic Radius
Document Summary
A. in a multielectron system, electrons are simultaneously attracted to the nucleus to the nucleus and repelled by each other: outer electrons are shielded from the nucleus by the core electrons. 2. screening or shielding effect outer electrons do not effectively screen for each other. C. the shielding causes the outer electrons to not experience the full strength of the nuclear charge. Effective nuclear charge: effective nuclear charge: a net positive charge that is attracting a particular electron, z is the nuclear charge, and s is the number of electrons in lower energy levels. 1. electrons in the same energy level contribute to screening but since their contributions is o small they are not part of the calculation a) s > p > d > t: zeffective = z - s. A. there are several methods for measuring the radius of an atom, and they give slightly different numbers: van der waals radius = nonbonding.
