C_S_D 3220 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Formant, Vocal Tract, Vocal Folds
Document Summary
Dividing consonants by acoustics: stops, fricatives, affricates, nasal, glide (semivowel, liquids, obstruents radical or complete constriction of the vocal tract, sonorants (nonobstruents) Stop consonants: key feature: momentary blockage of the vocal tract, in english, bilabial stop, alveolar stop, velar stop, glottal stop (allophone, in other languages, palatal stop, uvular stop, pharyngeal stop. Stops are super popular: often the most frequently occurring types of sounds in any language, popular because they are distinctly not vowels , can also call them stop plosives . The acoustics of a stop: silence (air build up, transient (acoustic energy of released air, frication interval (turbulence of noise as air is progressively released, onset of voicing (initiation of vocal fold vibration for the vowel following) Voice on/voice off: voice onset timing. With final voiceless stops voice off more quickly. With final voiced stops voice remains on. Seeing a difference in formant energy: studies by halle, hughes & radley support:
