BIOM-360 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Microtubule, Transmembrane Protein, Facilitated Diffusion
25 Apr 2018
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Document Summary
Three domains of life: bacteria, archaea, and eukarya. Think of them like soup with stuff floating around. Prokaryote implies little difference between bacteria and archaea. Don"t characterize things based on what they don"t have. Cocci - spheres; single cells, clusters of cells. Pleomorphic - variable in shape with some cell differentiation. Cyanobacteria - filaments of rounded cells with heterocyst (weird bigger cell, specialized in fixing nitrogen) Exchanges with environment (nutrients and waste) done at the membrane level, limiting how big cells can be. Weird shapes (perhaps folds) can increase surface area (think small intestine, for example). We are estimated to currently know just <1% of microbial diversity. Difference between nucleus and nucleoid - nucleoid does not have a nuclear envelope. Encompasses the cytoplasm (where much of the action takes place) Receptors for detection of and response to chemicals in surroundings. Integral: amphipathic-embedded within membrane, carry out respiration and transport. Macroelements: c h n o p s k ca mg fe.
