AGR 302 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Osteoarthritis, Bowed Tendon, Navicular Bone
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11 Mar 2017
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Conformation and Unsoundness Exam Review
-B: Balance: affects performance and potential, 3 equal parts, short topline, head is as long as one third
of body length, girth line=leg length, level top line, top of neck longer than underline
-M: Muscle: wide chest, look for muscle in the forearm, stifle (pear shaped from behind), gaskin
-S: Structure: angles of joints and alignment of bones, look for structural problems such as toed in/out,
bowlegged, base narrow, base wide, knock kneed, camped under/out, sickle hock, post legged, cow
hocked, splay foot, bench kneed
-Q: Quality: refinement, smoothness, style; mares should be more feminine and refined, stallions are
larger, coarser, more muscle, big jaw, stock horses have a wider frame and heavier muscling, hunt
horses have deep chest, fine structure, lean, long flat muscle, fine breeds have light frame, light muscle
-T: Travel: base wide/toed out causes winging (foot rolls over inside), base narrow/toed in causes
paddling (foot rolls over outside)
Standing interference: crossfire: inside hind strikes diagonal front
Forging: toe of hind strikes sole of same side front hood
Over reaching: toe of hind strikes heel of same side front
Scalping/shin hitting: toe of front strikes front of rear leg
-slope of shoulder should be around 45 degrees (same as hoof)
-Blemish: does not interfere with movement, accident that could precede an unsoundness
-crack in hoof, capped elbow/hock, cold splints, wind puff/bog spavin
-Unsoundness: DOES interfere with performance, 5 causes
1. degenerative: navicular, ring bone
2. congenital: wobblers
3. infection: thrush
4. metabolic: laminitis
5. trauma: laceration, sprain, fracture
-Front leg unsoundness: bowed tendon: rupture of tendon, over extension of deep flexor tendon
Bucked shins: bone damage, strain to cannon bones
(Hot) splints: bone/ligament damage
Navicular: concussion, inflammation (could be due to conformation)
Oscelets: side bone, concussion, pastern, damage to structure
-Rear leg unsoundness: bone spavin: osteoarthritic in hock
Curb: enlargement of plantear ligament
Stringhalt: neurological, uncontrolled flexion of rear leg
Stifled: upward fixation of patella, no flexion in stifle
-Laminitis/founder: inflammation of the laminae, causes rotation and sinking of coffin bone, caused by
poor nutrition (too much starch), toxin, or concussion
-Can detect lameness by visual inspection, manipulation, palpation, and diagnostic tests
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