BIO 300 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Electron Transport Chain, Fluid Mosaic Model, Glycerol
6 Sep 2016
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2 types most common: coccus: spherical, rod: cylindrical. Variety of other shapes: vibrio, spirillum, spirochete, pleomorphic (many shapes, great diversity often found in low nutrient environments. E. g. neisseria gonorrhoeae (diplococcus: streptococcus (long chains, sarcina (cubical packets, staphylococcus (grapelike clusters) Movement of fluids typically wash away microorganisms, so pili help bacteria adhere to tissue/skin: this is called a virulence factor - anything about the organism that makes it a better pathogen. Bacteria with cell walls are made of peptidoglycan: mycoplasmas have no cell walls and are pleomorphic. Cytoplasmic membrane defines boundary of cell: phospholipid bilayer embedded w/ proteins, hydrophobic tails in, hydrophilic heads out o. O2, co2, n2, small hydrophobic molecules, and water pass freely. Other molecules must be moved across membrane via transport systems: protein functions: Fluid mosaic model: proteins drift around in lipid bilayer: bacteria and archaea have same general structure of cytoplasmic membranes. Lipid tails of archaea are not fatty acids and are connected differently to glycerol.
