BIO 320 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Diabetic Nephropathy, Kidney Failure, Glomerulonephritis
Document Summary
Kidney gets 1/3 of the blood flow: glomerular disorders, renal failure. Urea: produced from the metabolism of amino acids. Bun: blood, urea, and nitrogen, elevated in type 2 diabetics (unmanaged) Disorders which impact glomerular function: altered gfr, many are immunological. Ex: glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, accumulation of ecm in gbm, nephrosclerosis. Rapidly progressive gn (rpgn: aka crescentic gn. Patient age: usually 6-10 or in younger populations (cid:862)pla(cid:374)t(cid:863) ag trapped i(cid:374) gbm. Necrosis and scarring of several nephrons: usually kidneys are very smooth, when it becomes scared it feel bumpy like an orange peel, hypertrophy of others = cobblestone. Rapid, severe decline in fxn w/decreased urine production. Severe reduction in gfr via three mechanisms: pre-renal, shock, parenchymal, gn (glomerulonephritis), acute tubular necrosis, post-renal, ut obstruction. Acute tubular necrosis: most common cause of renal failure, remember: nephron tubules are last to get oxygen, types, toxic (e. g. toxins) Ischemic: critical events, tubular injury, severe blood flow disturbance.
