PSY 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Representativeness Heuristic, Conjunction Fallacy, Functional Fixedness
12 Jan 2017
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Cognitive psychology: how we perceive, remember, think, speak, and solve problems. Cognition: mental processes (acquiring, remembering and storing information) Ill-defined problem: a problem lacking clear specification of the start state, goal state, Thinking: the processing of information to solve problems and make judgments : interpreting the problem, trying to solve the problem. Fixation: the inability to create a new interpretation of a problem. Functional fixedness: inability to see that an object can have a function other than its typical function. Mental set: the tendency to use previously successful solution strategies without considering other that may be more appropriate to the problem. Insight: a new way to interpret a problem that immediately yields the solution aka a sudden solution. Creativity occurs in 4 stages: preparation, incubation, insight, verification. Algorithm: step by step procedure that guarantees the right answer. Heuristic: (cid:862)rule of thu(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:863) (cid:449)hi(cid:272)h (cid:373)ay or (cid:373)ay (cid:374)ot lead to the (cid:272)orre(cid:272)t solutio(cid:374). This seems reasonable from past experiences with problem solving.
