GN 301 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: In Vitro Fertilisation, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Limb Development
Document Summary
10:13 am: types of cells, t cells: found in thymus gland, skin, and small intestine; attack foreign cells directly, b cells: released from lymphoid tissue; make antibodies, antibody. Y shaped structure held together by disulfide bonds: one antibody for one antigen, proteins. Somatic recombination: original strand contains variable-region, joining-region, and constant-region, dna strand reduced, only some parts transcripted and translated, macrophages: engulf bacteria, allergies, overreaction of the immune system. Hla-dq and hla-dr genes predict allergies (human leukocyte antigen: autoimmune diseases, type 1 diabetes, t cells attack cells that make insulin, hla region with alleles dr3 and d4. Social effects: hiv and aids, retrovirus uses rna to make dna, hiv infects t cells and viral particles attack t cells making the population decrease. Leads to aids and cancer and death: organ transplants, every 2 hours, someone dies waiting for organ transplants, about 1/5 of those in need get an organ, allograft.
