HI 233 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Malaria, Dutch East Indies, Protectionism
Nationalism
The development of industrial societies, class struggles and mass politics took place in a period
where states reorganized around nationhood.
National unifications:
● Italy, 1860’s
● Germany, 1871
● France as a Third Republic, 1871
● U.S. Civil War
● Japan’s Meiji Restoration, 1868
Nationalism:
●Nations as imagined communities → the meaning in life is to contribute to one's nation,
and that means even sacrificing your life when needed
● Nationalism identities constructed through schools, history book, rituals, songs, the army,
and the popular press
○ The government plays a big role in nationalism as they create things like the
Pledge of Allegiance, the American flag, core beliefs, national holidays,
museums, sports, newspapers, etc
● There are certains rules, ways to act, and ways to live
○ Helpful to managers who need their workforce to act in a certain way
● People learned to share space and time with people who are like them, and its goal was to
have people believe in their nation and stand up for it
○ People have died for their nations
Examples of Nationalism:
● When a book came out in France establishing French national identity, French citizens
(who could not even read) ended up fighting in WWI as now, they understood they were
Frenchmen
○ This happened because the national government, the Third Republic, put this
book in school curriculum and then, the popular press pushed French identity
forward
● Note: Nationalism did impact the outbreak of war as countries were competing with each
other
Imperialism
By the time WWI broke out in 1914, most of the world’s territory was either directly controlled
or indirectly dominated by the industrial core regions in the Atlantic and into Japan. What factors
led to the expansion of colonial empires?
Financial panic and intensified competition
● Industrialization changed the economic system, and crisis were experienced that were
never experienced before
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