BIOS10115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Pyrimidine Dimer, Extrachromosomal Dna, Dna Replication
3 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
A deletion or insertion of one or more bases. Occur in the absence of any known agent. Bacterial genes have a relatively high spontaneous generation rate. Many different effects at molecular level: radiation. Causes thymine strands to bind together and causes a faulty copy. Plasmids during replication: small, circular, extra-chromosomal dna, do not carry essential genes. May carry helpful genes: replicate independently of chromosome, over 300 naturally occurring plasmids have been isolated from e. coli. Gene transfer: vertical egne transfer parents to offspring. All living things do this: lateral (horizontal) gene transfer passing of genes within a generation (only microbes) When a virus takes dna from one bacteria and gives it to another. Genetic exchange transformation: (cid:862)free(cid:863) dna take(cid:374) up (cid:271)y a (cid:272)ell. This is what occurred in the griffith experiment. Transduction: transfer of dna by a bacteriophage (i. e. viruses)
