BIOL 411 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Pentose, Starch, Deoxyribose
Document Summary
Carbohydrates: polysaccharides or sugars: can be branched, functions: structural functions, energy storage, cell-cell recognition, nomenclature morass. Monosaccharide (triose, pentose, hexose=[number of carbons]), disaccharide, polysaccharide (starch) Glucose- a monosaccharide hexose- 6 carbons, (count the number of rings to determine monosaccharide, polysaccharide, etc. ) Sucrose: disaccharide consisting of a monosaccharide fructose and glucose combined. Sugars in rna (ribose sugar) and dna (deoxyribose sugar): ribose: pentose monosaccharide- 5 carbons. Sugars exist in both ring form and linear form. Amylose: starch: linear monomers are glucose. A(1-4) glycosidic linkage: alpha carbon, link is between #1 carbon and #4 carbon: join together the monomers of a linear chain of. A(1-6) glycosidic linkage: alpha carbon, link is between #1 carbon and #6 carbon: form the branches. Nucleotide: consists of a phosphate group, sugar, and nitrogenous base (g,a,t,c: new synthesis of dna (5" to 3") occurs at the hydroxyl group (oh) on the sugar, nucleotides can only be added at the 3" end.
