BIOL 411 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Inner Membrane, Electrochemical Gradient, Catabolism

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11 Jan 2017
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Cellular respiration: converts chemical energy stored in carbohydrates (from photosynthesis) to readily usable chemical energy in atp: c-c and c-h bonds p-p-p high energy bonds. 2 halves of metabolism: catabolism: chemical reactions/pathways that breakdown carbohydrates to smaller molecules, energy released when bonds are broken, which is stored in. Atp: anabolism: using that energy to build larger macromolecules from smaller ones. In cellular respiration, glucose is oxidized to co2, o2 is reduced to water, electron carriers accept (oxidized) and then donate (reduced), and atp is generated. Cellular respiration: four stages of glycolysis that oxidize glucose: 1. Phase 1: add phosphate to glucose, which makes it impermeable (keeping it in the cytoplasm) and destabilized (making it easier to cut it in half) Phase 2: cut it in half: 6-c molecule 2 3-c molecules (pyruvate) Phase 3: payoff , pyruvate, atp, and nadh: 2. Coa accepts acetyl group from pyruvate and passes it on. Losing more hydrogens, gives off nadh and co2: 3.

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