PY - Psychology PY 100S Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Informal Logic, Creativity, Mental Models

• School: NMU
• Department: PY - Psychology
• Course: PY - Psychology PY 100S
• Professor: Kapla

Document Summary

Thought: mental representation, reaching conclusions, problem solving, creative thinking. Concepts: categories of objects, events or ideas with common properties. Types of concepts: can be clearly defined by a set of rules or properties, rigorous steps for reaching valid conclusions, scientific method or math algorithms, deductive in nature. Natural concepts: has no fixed set of defining features, usually defined by a combination of properties, co(cid:374)(cid:272)ept (cid:373)e(cid:373)(cid:271)e(cid:396)s sha(cid:396)e so(cid:373)e (cid:374)u(cid:373)(cid:271)e(cid:396) of (cid:862)(cid:272)ha(cid:396)a(cid:272)te(cid:396)isti(cid:272)(cid:863) featu(cid:396)es (cid:271)ut (cid:374)ot all featu(cid:396)es. Prototype: a member of a natural concept that possesses all or most of its characteristic features. A mental representation that expresses a relationship between concepts. Carla (concept) likes to buy flowers (concept) is a proposition that sows a relationship between two concepts. Schema: a generalization developed about categories of objects, events and people; sets of propositions. Scripts: (cid:272)he(cid:373)as a(cid:271)out fa(cid:373)ilia(cid:396) se(cid:395)ue(cid:374)(cid:272)es of e(cid:448)e(cid:374)ts o(cid:396) a(cid:272)ti(cid:448)ities", guide behavior. Mental models: ets of p(cid:396)opositio(cid:374)s that (cid:396)ep(cid:396)ese(cid:374)t people"s u(cid:374)derstanding of how things work.