ECON 1115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Aggregate Supply, Aggregate Demand, Wrinkle

41 views3 pages

cerisegiraffe538

13 Jul 2015

School

Northeastern University

Department

Economics

Course

ECON 1115

Professor

Gerald Porter( G)

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Econ 1115: principles of macroeconomics- lecture 19: ad/as model. The effects of a shift in aggregate demand: First, we determine whether the event affects aggregate demand or aggregate supply. Second, we decide in which direction the curve shifts. The new wrinkle is that we need to add a fourth step: we have to keep track of a new short-run equilibrium, a new long-run equilibrium, and the transition between them. Decide whether the event shifts the aggregate demand curve or the aggregate supply. Use the diagram of aggregate demand and aggregate supply to determine the impact on output and the price level in the short run. Use the diagram of aggregate demand and aggregate supply to analyze how the economy moves from its new short-run equilibrium to its long-run equilibrium. A fall in aggregate demand is represented with a leftward shift in the aggregate- demand curve from ad1 to ad2 . In the short run, the economy moves from point.

Related Questions

Determine the effect on either the aggregate demand curve (is it a rightward or a leftward shift?), the aggregate short-term supply curve, and the long-term aggregate supply curve (does the upward sloping portions of the SAS curve shift left or right, or does the vertical portion of the LAS curve shift to the right or the left?). Also determine the effect on the price level, the real output level, and employment/unemployment. Explain and express this graphically using the AS/AD macro model.

The rapid development of internet technologies during the 1990s allowed businesses to produce goods and services cheaper than before and also gave rise to completely new services. We would show this change in the aggregate-demand/aggregate-supply model by moving the aggregate supply curve down (right) with little change in aggregate demand. Improvements in technology increase potential output and reduce costs, moving the short aggregate supply curve down and the long-run aggregate supply curve to the right.

ochreworm549

A) Assume that the long-run aggregate supply curve is vertical at Y = 3,000 while the short-run aggregate supply curve is horizontal at P = $1.0. The aggregate demand curve is Y = 2(M/P) and M = 1,500.

i) If the economy is initially in long-run equilibrium, what are the values of P and Y?

ii) What is the velocity of money in this economy?

iii) If M increases to 2,000, what are the new short-run values of P and Y?

iv) Once the economy adjusts to long-run equilibrium at M = 2,000, what are P and Y?

B) Assume that the long-run aggregate supply curve is vertical at Y = 3,000 while the short-run aggregate supply curve is horizontal at P = $1.0. The aggregate demand curve is Y = 3(M/P) and M = 1,000.

i) Suppose a supply shock moves the short-run aggregate supply curve to P=$1.5. What are the new short-run P and Y? What will be the new long-run P and Y?

ii) Suppose that immediately after the supply shock the Federal Reserve Bank wanted to hold output at its long-run level. What level of M would be required? If this level of M were maintained, what would be long-run equilibrium P and Y?

C) Use the aggregate demand/aggregate supply model to illustrate graphically the impact in the short run and the long run of the following changes. (Be sure to label: i. the axes; ii. the curves; iii. the initial equilibrium values; iv. the direction the curves shift; v. the short-run equilibrium values; and vi. the long-run equilibrium values). Also, state what happens to prices and output in the short run and the long run.

i) The Federal Reserve Bank engages in expansionary monetary policy.

ii) Climate change causes reduced food production.

iii) Labor unions are banned.

lavenderrat653

Part 1

Evaluate whether each of the following statements is true or false. Explain your answer and provide a supporting rationale.

a.The short-run aggregate supply (SAS) curve slopes upward because households spend more as their incomes increase.

b.The long-run aggregate supply curve can never shift.

c.Either a decrease in the nominal money supply by the Federal Reserve, all else held constant or an increase in the price level, all else held constant, will shift the aggregate demand (AD) curve to the left.

d.The Keynesian portion of the short-run aggregate supply (SAS) curve would be relevant during a recessionary situation.

e.Stagflation occurs when the aggregate demand (AD) curve shifts out on the upward sloping portion of the short-run aggregate supply (SAS) curve.

Part 2

Evaluate whether each of the following statements is true or false. Explain your answer and provide a supporting rationale, using graphs to support your answer. You can create graphs by hand and take pictures and upload them with your answers, or you may use Word or Excel, and upload the file created by these software packages.

a.If the real money demand is greater than the real money supply, interest rates must rise to reach equilibrium in the money market as institutions sell bonds to obtain more money.

b.The federal government's control of the money supply, which influences interest rates, is the primary tool that policymakers use to impact the macroeconomy.

c.A decrease in the reserve requirement decreases the money supply because banks have fewer reserves.

d.The real money demand curve shows how households and businesses change their spending in response to changes in the interest rate.

e.Both an increase in the nominal money supply by the Federal Reserve and an increase in the price level will cause the real money supply curve to shift to the right.

yellowseal739

ECON 1115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Aggregate Supply, Aggregate Demand, Wrinkle

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

ECON 1115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Real Wages, Human Capital, Exchange Rate

ECON 1115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Exchange Rate, Aggregate Demand, Aggregate Supply

ECON 1115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Aggregate Supply, Potential Output, Aggregate Demand

Related Questions