APSY-UE 2 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Twin Study, Learning, Classical Conditioning
14 Nov 2017
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Document Summary
Compares iq"s from twins raised together and reared apart. Identical twins reared together -> scores are virtually identical. Identical twins reared apart -> scores are 50%-75% similar. Heredity is credited w/ 50% of variation in intelligence among individuals. Genetics matter but so do life experiences. Adopted children -> iqs resemble their adoptive parents. Children in orphanages (under bad conditions)/ poverty -> lower iq scores. Siblings from impoverished families -> similar iq scores. Pygmalion effect : high expectations -> more likely to perform well. Our minds naturally connect events that occur in sequence. Associative learning : understanding that certain events occur together. Classical conditioning : associate 2 stimuli and anticipate certain events as a result. Salivating to sight of food: form of learning. Conditioned stimulus : originally irrelevant stimulus that triggers a conditioned. Learnt response to previously neutral stimulus response. Higher-order conditioning : new neutral stimulus can also become leads to conditioned response conditioned stimulus.
