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BIOL-UA 12 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Sepal, Gynoecium, Primordium

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copperox290
17 Feb 2018
School
New York University
Department
Biology
Course
BIOL-UA 12
Professor
Eichenberger Patrick

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Document Summary

As a cells divide - they move out of the niche signal, they differentiate. The sam (shoot apical meristem) and ram (root apical meristems) are stem cell niches. Flower formation involves a phase change in the shoot apical meristem from vegetative growth to a flower meristem. In a developing flower, the order of each primordium emergence determines its faste: sepal, petal, stamen or carpel. Plant biologists have identified several organ identity genes (plant homeotic genes) that regulate the floral pattern. Have one body part that is transformed into another. *arabidopsis has a simple floral morphology, a single whorl (row) each of 4 organs: sepal, petal, stamen, ovary (two carpels) * what are the three basic rules of the abc model of floral development. The basic model of how genes interact with each other. Erase the mutant gene (mutation in b, erase b) When you remove all genes abc, then you have a flower consisting of entirely leaves in whorls.

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Related Questions

Please reword/ rephrase the following in one paragraph :

Arabidopsis has been extensively studied as a model for flower development. The developing flower has four basic organs: sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels (which go on to form pistils). These organs are arranged in a series of whorls: four sepals on the outer whorl, followed by six petals inside this, six stamens, and a central carpel region. Homeotic mutations in Arabidopsis result in the change of one organ to another — in the case of the Agamous mutation, for example, stamens become petals and carpels are replaced with a new flower, resulting in a recursively repeated sepal-petal-petal pattern.

Observations of homeotic mutations led to the formulation of the ABC model of flower development by E. Coen and E. Meyerowitz.[30] According to this model floral organ identity genes are divided into three classes: class A genes (which affect sepals and petals), class B genes (which affect petals and stamens), and class C genes (which affect stamens and carpels). These genes code for transcription factors that combine to cause tissue specification in their respective regions during development. Although developed through study of Arabidopsis flowers, this model is generally applicable to other flowering plants.