BIO 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Sister Chromatids, Asexual Reproduction, Methyltransferase
Document Summary
Gene regulation in eukaryotes: plants, animals, fungi, protists. Combinatorial control - critical for multicellular species! Most mechanisms are aimed at controlling the initiation of transcription at the gene promoter. Three features in most eukaryotic promoters: tata box. 25 base pairs upstream from transcriptional start site: transcriptional start site. Where transcription begins; with tata box forms core promoter. The core promoter by itself results in low level basal transcription: response elements. Binding of tfs regulate transcription at the core promoter. Usually 50 -100bps upstream; can be 100,000bps away. Gene regulation: 3 protein complexes needed for transcription. Transcription can be regulated by controlling the protein machinery of transcription. Gtfs and rna pol ii must come together at core promoter before transcription can be initiated. Preinitiation complex assembled gtfs and rna polymerase ii at the tata box; form basal transcription apparatus. Partially wraps around gtfs and rna polymerase ii. Controls rate at which rna polymerase can begin transcription.
