EARTHSC 1121 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Earth Radius, Seismic Wave, Peridotite

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Our e(cid:454)perie(cid:374)(cid:272)e (cid:449)ith earth is li(cid:373)ited to its" surfa(cid:272)e. Internally generated magnetic field: solid and liquid surfaces, gaseous envelope, layered interior. What would solar system visitors notice: magnetic field (molten in the center of the planet made of moving iron and nickel, atmosphere, surface features. Like a bar magnet, the field has north and south ends. The earth has a prominent dipolar magnetic field. Note: the earth"s (cid:373)ag(cid:374)eti(cid:272) field does (cid:374)ot (cid:272)o(cid:373)e fro(cid:373) a (cid:271)ar (cid:373)ag(cid:374)et. Magnetic flux has direction that flows n to s. Mag(cid:374)eti(cid:272) field li(cid:374)es : extend into space, weaken with distance, create a shield around earth (the magnetosphere, the shield deflects the charged particles from solar wind. Earth has a thermally and chemically stable atmosphere. Thus, earth is unique among the terrestrial planets: venus has a thick atmosphere and has the same temperature everywhere (hot) Densest at sea-level, the atmosphere thins upward. The atmosphere is mostly nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%)

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