HDFS 2420 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Oral Stage, Free Centre, Anal Stage
25 Feb 2017
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Early emotions: high emotional responsiveness, pain, pleasure. Crying: typical: hurt, hungry, tired, frightened, colic: uncontrollable; reflux and immature swallowing, excessive. Smiling and laughing: social smile (6 weeks): evoked by viewing human faces, laughter (3 to 4 months): often emerges as curiosity. Anger: first expressions at around 6 months, healthy response to frustration. Sadness: indicates withdrawal and is accompanied by increased production of cortisol, stressful experience for infants. Fear: emerges at about 9 months in response to people, things, or situations. Stranger wariness: infant no longer smiles at any friendly face but cries or looks frightened when an unfamiliar person moves too close. Separation anxiety: tears, dismay, or anger when a familiar caregiver leaves, if it remains strong after age 3, it may be considered an emotional disorder. Toddlers" emotions: anger and fear become less frequent and more focused, laughing and crying became louder and more discriminating, temper tantrums may appear. New emotions: pride, shame, embarrassment, disgust, guilt.
