LING 2000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Cleft Sentence

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Syntactic constituent: certain groups of expressions within a larger phrase can form a syntactic unit a syntactic constituent: the syntactic constituents of a phrasal expression are the smaller expressions out of which the phrase was constructed. If it can, it forms a constituent; if it cannot, then the words in question do not. 5. 3. 3: clefting: cleft: a kind of sentence in which some constituent is displaced (or moved) to the left. If the cleft it grammatical, then the displaced expression is a constituent. If you try to move some expressio(cid:374) that does(cid:374)"t for(cid:373) a (cid:272)o(cid:374)stitue(cid:374)t, the (cid:272)left will (cid:374)ot (cid:271)e gra(cid:373)(cid:373)ati(cid:272)al. 5. 3. 4: pro-form substitution: substitution: involves replacing a constituent with a single word (or simple phrase).

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