GEOL 1010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Geothermal Gradient, Aphanite, Ionic Bonding
4 Oct 2016
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Orderly internal structure of a solid is a result of chemical bond e. i. 2. e. i. 3. Atoms in a solid have very little mobility, they vibrate. An increase in heat = an increased distance between atom (solid expands) e. i. 4. Magma forms when the solid rock comprising the mantle and the crust of the earth melts e. i. 4. a. 3 factors e. i. 4. a. i. heat (1000 degrees celsius) e. i. 4. a. i. 1. temperature increases with depth e. i. 4. a. i. 2. all coal mines and oil wells show this trend (40,000ft) e. i. 4. a. i. 3. the rate of increase in temp is called geothermal gradient e. i. 4. a. i. 3. a. Crystals grow until others confine them: classify igneous rocks f. i. Pumice f. i. 3. e. pyroclastic (broken pieces of cement together) f. i. 3. e. i. piece of rock blasted out of a volcano and fused together f. i. 3. e. ii. comes from the greek word break f. i. 3. e. iii. f. i. 3. e. iv. small fragments = tuff large angular pieces = breccia. How many types of magma are needed to produce such a wide variety of rock compositions? a. iii. 4. a. i. 1.
