PSY 1010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Dependent And Independent Variables, Scientific Method, Psy
1 May 2018
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PSY 1010 Exam 1 Notes Allyssa Leaton
Chapter 2 – The Research Enterprise in Psychology
• Experimental Research
o Epistemology
▪ How we come to know
▪ Philosophy of knowledge
▪ Using the scientific method
o Methodology
▪ Specific methods used to know/understand
• Measurement and Description
o Psychologists use measurement techniques/surveys to assess different traits
• Theories, Hypotheses, and Research
o How X affects Y
o Theories – interrelated ideas used to explain a set of observations
o Hypotheses – if, then statements
o Research – how hypotheses are tested
o Steps in a Scientific Investigation
▪ Method data collection analysis report findings
• Experimental Research
o Independent variable (X)
▪ Predictor variable
o Dependent variable (Y)
▪ Outcome variable, end product
o Extraneous variable
▪ Confounds the findings
o Experimental group
o Control group
• Descriptive Statistics
o Positive correlation
▪ High scores on X associated with high scores on Y
• Number of cigs smoked increases blood pressure increases
▪ Low scores on X associated with low scores on Y
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Document Summary
Chapter 2 the research enterprise in psychology. Experimental research: epistemology, how we come to know, philosophy of knowledge, using the scientific method, methodology, specific (cid:498)methods(cid:499) used to know/understand, measurement and description, psychologists use measurement techniques/surveys to assess different traits. Identify basic ethical principles involving human research: develop guidelines, belmont report summarizes the basic ethical principles identified by the. Commission: result of tuskegee, alabama atrocities involving prisoners and syphilis, respect for persons. Individuals treated as autonomous agents: enter into research voluntarily and with adequate information, no coercion or undue influence. Information: comprehension, voluntariness, principle of autonomy (cid:523)(cid:498)vulnerability principle(cid:499)(cid:524, people should be treated as autonomous individuals, people with diminished autonomy are entitled to protection, people in need of extensive protection, prisoners, terminally-ill, fetuses, comatose patients. Injustice occurs when some benefit to which a person is entitled is denied without good reason: ways to distribute burdens and benefits.
