ANS 217 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Autonomic Computing, Hypothalamus, Air Sacs

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Excretory system: shared with the reproductive system, renal system kidneys and ureter. 1/22/13 1:00 pm: paired, lobed, embedded in ribs, differ from mammals that have a bean shaped kidney, relatively small. Uric acid: nitrogenous waste, differs from urine, very low water content to conserve water, less toxic than the materials in urine, so uric acid can be more concentrated, ureter. Bladder absent: urodaeum, center section of the cloaca, uric acid is deposited in the very last part of the digestive tract. Circulatory system: heart, vessels, blood, heart, 4 chambers. Beats faster and moves more blood than mammals. Heart very similar to mammals heart: vessels, distribute blood, spleen, stores rbc, blood, plasma. Red blood cells: nucleated, hemoglobin o2, co2, survive 20-30 days. Birds retain the nucleus of blood cells, humans do. Nervous system not: brain, no cortex, small, very different from humans, somatic and autonomic systems are well developed.

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