BI SC 004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 55: Renal Pelvis, Artificial Kidney, Kidney Stone Disease
Document Summary
Kidney stones: hard granules formed in the renal pelvis. Uremia: high levels of urea and other waste substances in the blood. Causes a serious condition when water and salts are retained. Kidney replacement: single kidney transplant with a high success rate. Hemodialysis: uses an artificial kidney machine. Add to blood as needed: blood flows from the patient. Through a series of tubes made of selectively permeable membranes. Surrounded by dialysis fluid: substances more concentrated in the blood. Substances more concentrated in the dialysis fluid: diffuse into the blood. Dna contains genes: everyone has a unique combination. Stretched out end to end: the dna in each human cell would be about 6. 5 feet long. Dna has a double helix structure: tightly wound around proteins. Chromosomes come in pairs: homologous chromosomes. Humans have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs: 22 pairs of autosomes, 1 pair of sex chromosomes. Diploid cells: body cells, have 46 (2n) paired chromosomes, most cells in body.
