MICRB 106 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Manganese, Organic Compound, Magnesium

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The ultimate source of a particular element, its chemical form, and how much of it the microbe needs are all points of variation between different types of organisms. Essential nutrient: any substance that must be provided to an organism. Two categories: (1) macronutrients: required in relatively large quantities and play principal roles in cell structure. Ex: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (2) micronutrients: also called trace elements, are present in much smaller amounts and are involved in enzyme function and maintenance of proteins structure. Nutrients can also be classified by their carbon content. Inorganic nutrient: an atom or simple molecule that contains a combination of atoms other than carbon and hydrogen. The natural reservoirs of inorganic compounds are mineral deposits in the crust of the earth, bodies of water, and the atmosphere. Ex: metals and their salts (magnesium sulfate, ferric nitrate, sodium phosphate), gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide), and water.

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