MICRB 201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Reagent, Active Transport, Bile Acid
13 Sep 2017
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Major elements: c, h, o, n, p, s, found in the major biological macromolecules thus form structural and enzymatic omponents of cells, required in g/l amounts. Minor elements: k, na, fe, required as enzyme co-factors or for activity of ertain enzymes, required in mg/l amounts. *major and minor elements collectively known as macroelements. Trace or microelements: mn, zn, co, also required as enzyme co-factors or for activity of certain enzymes but in ( g/l) amounts. Classification of microbes based on acquisition of nutrients and energy. Carbon: autotrophs: use of co2 only or mainly e. g. algae, photosynthetic bacteria, heterotrophs: use pre-formed organic molecules made by other organisms. Energy: phototrophs: light e. g. algae, photosynthetic bacteria, chemotrophs: oxidation of organic or inorganic compounds. Hydrogen/electron: lithotrophs: reduced inorganic molecules e. g. algae, photosynthetic bacteria, organotrophs: organic compounds. Most microbes fall in to one of two groups. Prototropgh: a strain with wild-type nutritional requirements; e. g. strep pyogenes requirements for glutamate.
