PSY 0310 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Prosocial Behavior, Phallic Stage, 18 Months
Document Summary
Freud: superego develops during phallic stage, ego, id, etc. Piaget: before 7yrs: heteronomous morality/morality of constraint preoperational, 7-10yrs: transition rules are flexible, other people make rules concrete operational, 11+: autonomous morality formal operation. Kohlberg: heinz dilemma life > law question doesn"t matter what your answer is, it depends what your reasoning is. Fear of authority (family will be mad, break laws, anger teacher) Social order (follow law or society falls apart) Life is more important than law: critiques. Prosocial behavior voluntary behavior intended to benefit others: shows up around 18-20 months, empathy/sympathy around 23-25 months, fostering prosocial behavior. Modeling (children will imitate behavior if they have respect and a warm relationship) Inductive discipline: focus on others" emotional reactions to behavior (dependent on age/level of child, warm relationship, respect, would result in less wrongdoing, attempt to repair, sympathy. Role of punishment: frequent, harsh punishment is not effective in fostering long-term prosocial behavior.
