EAPS 11600 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Global Positioning System, Plate Tectonics, Himalayas

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The locations of earthquakes mostly fall in distinct bands that correspond to plate boundaries. Relatively few earthquakes occur in the relatively stable plate interiors. Plate margins (boundary between oceanic and continental plate) can be active or passive. Plates move 1 cm to 15 cm per year. Opening of modern back to about 200 ma. Due to plate tectonics, the map of the earth s surface slowly changes. Here we see the assembly, and later the breakup of pangaea over the past 400 million years. Modern spreading rates cm/yr. (range from 2. 5 to 15 cm/yr. ) There are two major deformation styles: brittle and ductile. The type of deformation depends on t and p conditions. Strain is the result of deformation, which is caused by force acting on rock. This force is called stress, is the force applied across a unit area. Hanging wall-(in dip-slip faults) the block above you. Foot wall- the block that you could stand on.

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