HDFS 21000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Epigenome, Methyl Group, Social Isolation
12 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
Mechanisms of heredity: human eggs contain 23 chromosomes selected from the mother"s 46, human sperm contain 23 chromosomes selected from the father"s 46. Think of it as mixing two hands of cards, shuf ing this mix, and then dealing a hand of cards: the dealt hand is your 23 pair of chromosomes. Genes: genes: basic units of genetic information. The software" that programs the future development of the body"s hardware": determine the nature and function of every cell in the body. Genetic blueprint guiding cell activity: humans have roughly 25,000, made up of dna. Unique for each organism: tens of trillions possible genetic combinations, phenotype. Observable characteristics of a person: appearance, personality, intelligence. Two separate fertilized cells (i. e. 2 genotypes) fuse and mature together. Determining sex: 23rd chromosome determines sex of child. Male: xy: new techniques help to identify dna in a sperm; unwanted sex chromosomes can be discarded.
