BIO 212 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Pulmonary Vein, Sensory Neuron, Carotid Body
9 Oct 2016
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Document Summary
Adaptive immunity (acquired): develops from exposure to specific antigens, targeted responses against particular antigens. Responsible for cell mediated immunity, effective against altered self and non-self-cells. Responsible for humoral immunity (aka antibody-mediated immunity) effective against antigens outside of cells. Foreign antibodies in body fluids are engulfed by dendritic cells, macrophages and b- lymphocytes- apcs. Fragments of foreign peptides are presented on cell membranes by mhc2 molecules. Recognition by t-helper lymphocytes carrying the appropriate receptors results in clonal selection and proliferation/activation of t-helper cells. T helper cells are required for complete activation of b, tc lymphocytes. Enhance formation and activation of macrophages and nk cell (innate immunity) Cytotoxic t cells use perforin and granzymes (like nk cells) to destroy infected cells. First stimulation: free antigens bind to bcr, b-lymphocyte engulfs and presents antigens to activated helper t-lymphocyte. Second stimulation: il-4 released from activated helper t-lymphocyte stimulates b- lymphocyte.
