NUR 326 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Low-Density Lipoprotein, Insulin Pen, Glucocorticoid
Document Summary
Inhaled: biquanides: metformin, sulfonylureas: glyburide, glp-1 analogs/incretin mimetics: exenatide, dpp-4 inhibitors: sitagliptin, sglt-2 inhibitors: canagflifozin, tzds: rosiglitazone. B cells: insulin: stimulates carbohydrate metabolism in skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, adipose tissue for energy (lack of insulin: polyphagia, wt loss, mobilization and storage of glucose. Pathophysiology diabetes: gestational 2-20% of pregnancies; 30% will develop dm within 10-15 years; Increase risk of still birth or congenital abnormalities; increased weight in infant and postpartum hypoglycemia. 80% of type 2 obese at time of diagnosis (20% are not) Type 1: stomach converts food to glucose, glucose enters the bloodstream, pancreases produces little or no insulin, glucose unable to enter body effectively, glucose level increases. Type 2: stomach converts food to glucose, glucose enters bloodstream, pancreas produces sufficient insulin but it is not for effective use, glucose unable to enter body effectively, glucose level increases. Except for a1c, all test should be repeated on a second day to confirm diagnosis: diabetes.
