PSY 01316 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Infant Mortality, Apgar Score, Stillbirth
Document Summary
Chapter 3: the prenatal period, birth, and the newborn: prenatal development. Zygote begins cell division and travels down the fallopian tube toward the uterus. Teratogen- agent that causes damage to prenatal development, producing a birth defect (sensitivity begins about 3 weeks after conception) Nutrition: most women need to consume 2200 to 2900 calories per day to sustain a pregnancy, fetal malnutrition is associated with increased susceptibility to diseased, anencephaly, spina bifida. Emotional well being: long term exposure to stress hormones in utero is associated with higher levels of those hormones in newborns. Prescription teratogens: antibiotics, certain hormones, anticoagulants, anticonvulsants, and some acne drugs. Non prescription drugs, such as diet pills and cold medicine, can also cause harm: alcohol and prenatal development. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (fasd)- continuum of effects of exposure to alcohol, vary with timing and amount of exposure. Fetal alcohol syndrome (fas)- a cluster of defects appearing after heavy prenatal exposure to alcohol (2-7 infants per 1000 births)