PSY 01316 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Inter-Active Terminology For Europe, Neural Development, John Bowlby
Document Summary
Chapter 6-lecture 6- socioemotional development in infancy and toddlerhood. 1st developmental task: 0-1 years infants must develop a view of the world as a safe place where their basic needs will be met. Trust: caregivers attend to the i(cid:374)fa(cid:374)t"s ph(cid:455)si(cid:272)al a(cid:374)d e(cid:373)otional needs and consistently fulfill them. Mistrust: caregivers are neglectful or inconsistent in meeti(cid:374)g the i(cid:374)fa(cid:374)t"s (cid:374)eeds: autonomy vs. shame and doubt. Infants must develop a feeling that one can make choices and direct oneself. Autonomy (+self-reliance, self-control, confidence): ca(cid:396)egi(cid:448)e(cid:396)s e(cid:374)(cid:272)ou(cid:396)age the toddle(cid:396)"s initiative and allow him/ her to explore, experiment, make mistakes, test limits. Shame and doubt: caregivers are overprotective or disapprove of struggle for independence. Between 2 and 7 months anger, sadness, joy, surprise, fear. Basic emotions are biologically predetermined emerge in all infants at about the same ages and are seen and interpreted similarly in all cultures: self-conscious (secondary) emotions. Depends on cognitive development and an awareness of self.
