01:512:104 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: New England French, Middle Colonies, Age Of Enlightenment
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16 May 2018
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Chapter 05 - The Cultures of Colonial North America
North American Regions
• Impressive similarities between the Indian cultures: general adaptation
to European culture
Indian America
• Became more independent on European goods
• During American Revolution they asserted independence
• Played off each the powers, tried to be neutral
• French had better relations as they had no expansion plans, however
French could be just as ruthless
• Most Indian alliances with French were result of British fear of
expansion
• Indians lost most of their people, Europeans didn't
• Indians benefited from the horse
The Spanish Borderlands
• New Spain was the must prosperous colony, however Spain in North
America was poor
• In Florida, competition for St. Augustine between Brits and
Spanish=good relations with Indians in Florida
• St. Augustine also had large black population as it was the destination
for many slaves
• In New Mexico, the population was poor but expanding, as was
Louisiana
• California was deadly
• Religion played a big role in all the colonies
The French Crescent
• In New France religion and state were the same
• Thinly populated
• New Orleans was the most profitable colony
• French colony of inclusion=women get property rights, metis, and Indian
clothes
New England
• Puritan Government
• All male churchgoers were voters=all laws were mad by religion
• Not tolerable to other religions
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• Roger Williams (Rhode Island) argued for toleration
• John Locke argued for toleration=Toleration Act=other religions in New
England
• French and Hurons in the north=no settlement up there
The Middle Colonies
• New York was the most ethnically diverse
• Rich landowners choose to rent versus sell=Pennsylvania more
attractive
• Quakers who ran Pennsylvania were tolerant vs. Puritans in New
England
• In Pennsylvania land was sold in individual lots vs. communal plots
• In Pennsylvania people moved around more than in New
England=settlement of the individual=basis for future expansion
The Backcountry
• Modest lifestyle
• Disdain for rank
The South
• White, black, and Indians
• Most of the population was black slaves
• Plantation was the institution for social life in Charleston
• Charleston grew rice
• In the Chesapeake tobacco was grown=smaller plots=more diverse
mosaic of farmers
• Growing racial solidarity between whites
Traditional Culture in the New World
• Due submission for the general good
• Traditional farming vs. plantation farming
• Traditional farms diversified (self sufficient) plantation or commercial
farming wasn't
• Guilds in cities
• Few opportunities for women, however some did take on husbands
work after their death
The Frontier Heritage
• Labor was in short supply as people could own their own farms easily
• In Spanish colonies people had Apache slaves
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com