01:119:115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Mutual Exclusivity, Dihybrid Cross, Gregor Mendel
19 Oct 2016
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Lecture 12 - mendelian genetics: mendel"s experimental model, background. People thought that blending inheritance was how inheritance worked. Mendel crossed true-breeding plants with contrasting trait. F1 = first filial generation (filial - latin for son ) Crossing two different flowers in p generation results in first generation (f1) Character: a heritable feature that varies among individuals. True-breeding : all individuals of line have same characteristics: mendel"s model for particulate inheritance. Characters are determined by heritable factors (gene) Each characters controlled by 2 factors (gene) from parents. Gene from one parent can mask expression gene from other parent. Mendel developed a hypothesis to explain the 3:1 inheritance pattern in f2 offspring. 4 related concepts make up this model: alleles: alternative versions of genes, 2 alleles inherited: 1 from each parent, dominant and recessive alleles, law of segregation. Alleles = alternative versions of genes (purple vs white) (allele = gene = code for a protein in dna on one chromosome)
