01:119:115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Dominance (Genetics), Barr Body, Monosomy

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A genetic disorders is caused by an allele that causes a malfunctioning protein. Heterozygous has a normal phenotype, but is a carrier. Most human genetic diseases are inherited as a single-locus autosomal recessive traits. Caused by the substitution of a single amino acid in the hemoglobin protein in the red blood cells. Sickle cells are destroyed by body or clump the blood = no oxygen in body. Symptoms include physical weakness, pain, organ damage, and even paralysis. Causes death if you inherit just one copy of lethal dominant disease. The allele for the 6 fingers trait is dominant. Disomy = 2n = normal number for humans. Mistake can happen in chromosomes = nondisjunction = homologous chromosomes or sister fail to separate. Aneuploidy = presence of an abnormal number of a particular chromosomes. Trisomy = three copies of one particular chromosome (2n+1) Short, thick webbed neck, generally sterile (cannot give birth) no barr bodies.

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