01:119:116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Oligodendrocyte, Grey Matter, Peripheral Nervous System
30 Apr 2017
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Lecture 19 - action potentials: structure and function, neurons. Conduct messages as electrical signals and integrate information. Many shapes & sizes - all have similar components. Most neurons have many short branched dendrites. Transmits neural impulse away from cell body to: Base of axon extending from cell body. End of axon divides (usually) into many branches. Synaptic terminals - at end of branches. Nerve - axons of many neurons, held together with connective tissues. All animal cells: have a selectively permeable membrane, some ions can cross, some cannot, result is that there is a difference in % ions inside (cytosol) and outside (extracellular fluid) of a cell membrane. There is a buildup of ions in the cytosol and extracellular fluid with different charges. This difference is the membrane potential (potential to do work) Only excitable cells can rapidly generate changes in membrane potential. Resting potential (rp) between -60 and -80mv. 70mv = maintained by the sodium-potassium pump & ion channels.
