01:160:308 Lecture Notes - Lecture 27: Substituent, Benzophenone, Phenyl Group

• School: Rutgers University
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: 01:160:308
• Professor: Boikess

Document Summary

Chapter 21 benzene and concept of aromaticity: structure of benzene, aromaticity, nomenclature, spectroscopic characteristics, reactions at benzylic position. Benzene is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon (or arene) It formula is (c6h6) indicating a high degree of unsaturation. But it did not behave like an alkene or an alkyne at all. It was observed that benzene is much less reactive than alkene. For example when hexene reacts with bromine, the bromine readily adds. But when benzene reacts with br2, it requires a lewis acid catalyst such as febr3 for the reaction to occur. Only one product is obtained, but the product is a substitution product: The product is called bromobenzene, which has many of the same properties as benzene itself. Kekule proposed benzene is rapid equilibrium between two possible structures. Modern description of benzene is based on resonance and electron delocalization due to orbital overlap.