11:680:491 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Nitrocellulose, Louis Pasteur, Food Preservation
31 Aug 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Improved experimental design provides no support for spontaneous generation experiment: Critics: air important for life- sealed flasks prevent air from entering. Schwann experiments permitted air to enter flask (air heated) Experiments that showed microbes do not arise by spontaneous generation. Presence of microbes in air by filtering air through gun cotton. Microbes in gun cotton could produce growth in organic fluids. Observations from wine spoilage: wine spoils-bacteria (lactic acid) replace yeast (ethanol) Ethanol production replaced by lactic acid: bacteria from spoiled wine put into flask of good wine results in spoilage of wine, different bacteria produce different end products, some bacteria anaerobes (produce more ethanol anaerobically than when oxygen present) Some bacteria facultative anaerobes (grow better with oxygen than without) Helped develop first autoclave using superhead steam for sterilization. Medical microbiology: method for attenuation of a virulent pathogen (using chicken cholera); vaccines to anthrax and rabies.
