01:830:101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Adaptive Learning, Positive Psychology, Reinforcement
Classical versus Operant conditioning
▪ Both forms of associative learning
▪ Classical conditioning
▪ Associations between CS and US
▪ Involves respondent behavior-actions that are automatic responses to stimuli
(ex- salivation)
▪ Operant conditioning
▪ Organisms associate own actions with consequents
▪ Actions followed by reinforcers increase
▪ Actions followed by punishments decrease
▪ Behavior that operates on the environment
Thorndike to Skinner
▪ Skinner elaborated on Thorndike’s law of effect = rewarded behavior is likely to
reoccur/punished behavior less likely
▪ Skinner developed principles of behavioral control
▪ Shaping natural behaviors to teach pigeons, etc
Operant Conditioning
• Behavior operates on the environment to produce rewarding or punishing stimuli.
• Organisms associate their own actions with consequences.
• Actions followed by reinforcement increase; those followed by punishments often decrease.
Skier ad Skier’s Eperiets
▪ Skinner
▪ Epaded o Thodike’s la of effect
▪ Developed behavioral technology and principles of behavior control
▪ Designed and used the Skinner box for experiments and recorded responses
Operant Conditioning
▪ Everyday behaviors are continually reinforced and shaped.
▪ Reinforcement: Any event that strengthens a preceding response
Module 22: Operant Conditioning
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Document Summary
Classical versus operant conditioning: both forms of associative learning, classical conditioning, associations between cs and us. Involves respondent behavior-actions that are automatic responses to stimuli (ex- salivation: operant conditioning, organisms associate own actions with consequents, actions followed by reinforcers increase, actions followed by punishments decrease, behavior that operates on the environment. Thorndike to skinner: skinner elaborated on thorndike"s law of effect = rewarded behavior is likely to reoccur/punished behavior less likely, skinner developed principles of behavioral control, shaping natural behaviors to teach pigeons, etc. Operant conditioning: behavior operates on the environment to produce rewarding or punishing stimuli, organisms associate their own actions with consequences, actions followed by reinforcement increase; those followed by punishments often decrease. Ski(cid:374)(cid:374)er a(cid:374)d ski(cid:374)(cid:374)er"s e(cid:454)peri(cid:373)e(cid:374)ts: skinner, e(cid:454)pa(cid:374)ded o(cid:374) tho(cid:396)(cid:374)dike"s la(cid:449) of effect, developed behavioral technology and principles of behavior control, designed and used the skinner box for experiments and recorded responses.