01:830:101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Fundamental Attribution Error, Stanford Prison Experiment, Philip Zimbardo
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How the thoughts, feelings, and behavior of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others (allport) Attribution - process through which we seek to identify the causes of our own or others" behavior. Internal (dispositional) attribution - inference that a person"s behavior is caused by something about the person. External (situational) attribution - inference that a person"s behavior is caused by something about the situation. Fundamental attribution error - tendency to explain others" actions as stemming from dispositions, even in the presence of clear situational causes. Participants read student essays supporting or opposing castro. Told students either did or did not have a choice of which position to take. Actor-observer effect (bias) (jones & nisbett, 1972) - tendency to attribute our own mistakes mainly to situational causes, but the mistakes of others mainly to dispositional causes. Self-serving attribution (bias) - tendency to attribute one"s positive outcomes to internal causes but negative outcomes to external causes.