CJ 110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Neighborhood Watch, Civil Rights Act Of 1964, Police Brutality

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Chapter 6
James Q. Wilson= first to demonstrate different style of policing
o Watchmen= ignore minor infractions as long as order is maintained 9order not
restored arrest made)
o Legalistic= marked by emphasis on law enforcement strict adherence
o Service= responds to basic community needs popular in low crime areas
Alternative management styles
o Community policing= citizens as ‘co-producers’ of safety – less hierarchal (i.e.
foot patrol, neighborhood watch)
Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994= authorized
funds to increase #s in community policing
o Police-community relations (PCR) programs= enhance community’s perception
of police (i.e. ‘ride-along’, D.A.R.E)
o Citizen crime prevention efforts= individual efforts to prevent crimes (i.e. locking
doors, self-defense classes)
Police functions
o ‘Service’ Function= service to those in need of immediate aid
o ‘Order Maintenance’ Function= peacekeeping, conflict management; patrol
Types of patrol= car, foot, bike
Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment= effectiveness of different
levels of car patrol presence
Based on ‘Broken Window Theory’ – increased, decreased and
unchanged police car presence findings= crime didn’t go up or
down
New strategies movement towards “smart policing”
Differential response
Directed patrol
Problem-oriented policing
o ‘Law Enforcement’ Function= creates mandatory arrest policies
Controversial law enforcement strategies:
Entrapment= (illegal) persuading initially unwilling person to
commit an offense
Sting= people pretending to be involved in a crime to trap
criminals
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964= prohibited private sector from discrimination
on basis of race, gender, religion
The Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972= amended above to include public
sector: federal, state and local law
Police subculture= set of norms/values that govern police behavior brought by stressful
working conditions
The police personality
o “working personality” = effect of work on officer’s outlook om world;
danger/authority
The “blue curtain” = separates police from civilians in society; isolation of those who
spend time only with police and family
Corruption
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