CHEM 350 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Sigma Bond, Aldehyde, Pi Bond

• School: SIU
• Department: Chemistry And Biochemistry
• Course: CHEM 350
• Professor: John

Document Summary

Electrophilic aromatic substitution: involves benzene and the hydrogen atom of a ring is replaced as a consequence of electrophilic attack. Electrophile attacks pi electrons of benzene which allows for resonance carbocation attacked by base and loses proton. I2 + 2 cu2+ 2 i+ + 2 cu: addition of f-teda- bf4 to toluene results in o- fluorotoluene + p-fluorotoluene, addition of fecl3 to benzene results in chlorobenzene. Results in iodobenzene after the abstraction of hydrogen. Nitric acid (hno3) + sulfuric acid (h2so4) no2 (nitronium ion: nitronium ion+ benzene nitrobenzene. Friedel-craft alkylation: no vinylic/aromatic only alkyl halides used, won"t work with aminos or c=o, difficult to stop after first substitution: second substitution occurs through polyalkylation. Friedel- craft acylation: acid chloride (rcocl) w/alcl3, won"t work with aminos or c=o. Reactive electrophile: resonance acyl cation: no rearrangement. Putting alkyl group onto benzene: most useful substitution reactions, aromatic substation of r+ for h+