PHSL 410B Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Cord Blood, Corpus Luteum, Sexual Differentiation
Document Summary
Female hormones: estrogen: made in granulosa cells of ovary, sertoli of testes, cortex of adrenal glands: depends. Increases water excretion, decreases brain electrical activity: may inhibit ferguson reflex when progesterone levels are high, decreases synthesis/release of prostaglandins, prostaglandins: smooth muscle contractor (learn wednesday) Involved in sperm transport/ejaculation, influences gonadotropin release, maybe follicle rupture, powerful smooth muscle stimulant (uterus and fallopian tube/egg sperm transport), mimic gonadotropic effects. Inhibited by progesterone, induces luteolysis/antagonizes prolactin, involved in menses contraction, involved in constriction of spiral arteries, levels of prostaglandins are under steroidal control, vaginal admin of prostaglandins induces menses, Increases at parturition, increases e2 production in placenta (birthing, closing of uterine and cord blood vessels, maintains ductus arteriosus in fetus), contraction of uterus at birth, oxytocin release increases prostaglandin release, can be used to induce labor. Male hormones: testicular hormone responsible for induction of male phenotype, mediate sexual maturation, steroids: acetate cholesterol pregneolone testosterone (puberty)
