BIO 314 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Wild Type, Gtpase, Apoptosis

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Chapter 5: growth factors and their receptors: understand the evolution and necessity of cell cell communication. Cell-cell communication is essential when the multicellular organisms evolved. Not every cell is in contact with the environment and not every cell sees the bad things. Necessary for structural and functional integrity of tissues and organs. Regulates proliferation, migration, differentiation, and the death of epithelial cells. Converting an extracellular signal into a response is called signal transduction: understand the terms reception, transduction, amplification, and response. Reception- ligand fits into the receptor with a lock and key type fit. Transduction- ligand binding causes a conformational change in the receptor protein, which is the initial transduction. Amplification- receptor activates another protein and continues cascading until the protein producing a response is activated. Response- cell"s response to the ligand binding, usually a change in protein activity: understand the role of phosphorylation in signal transduction. Phosphorylation regulates protein activity by switching active and inactive state.

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